Maundy Thursday

The date of Maundy Thursday is determined by the date of Easter Day, which falls on the first Sunday after the full moon following the March equinox. This means the date can fluctuate significantly from year to year, falling anywhere between late March and late April. Because the Australian school term and university semesters often revolve around the Easter break, the timing of Maundy Thursday frequently dictates the rhythm of the autumn holidays for families across the nation.

History and Origins of the Day

The origins of the day date back to the early centuries of the Christian Church. By the 4th century, it was a well-established practice to commemorate the institution of the Lord's Supper (the Eucharist) on this day. Over time, various traditions were added, including the blessing of holy oils (Chrism) and the reconciliation of penitents. In the medieval period, the "Maundy" became associated with acts of charity performed by monarchs and religious leaders, such as distributing food or clothing to the poor and washing their feet.

In the United Kingdom, this evolved into the "Royal Maundy" service, where the reigning monarch distributes specially minted "Maundy money" to elderly citizens. While Australia is a constitutional monarchy and shares many traditions with the UK, the specific Royal Maundy ceremony does not take place on Australian soil. Instead, the Australian observance has remained more focused on the liturgical and congregational aspects of the day, influenced heavily by the waves of Irish, English, and European migrants who brought their specific denominational traditions to the continent.

How Australians Celebrate Maundy Thursday

In Australia, the celebration of Maundy Thursday is predominantly found within the walls of the church. Unlike the secular traditions of chocolate eggs and bunnies associated with Easter Sunday, there are very few secular "customs" for Maundy Thursday. It remains a deeply religious event.

Church Services and the Liturgy

The service typically includes:

1. The Washing of the Feet (Pedilavium): The priest or minister washes the feet of twelve members of the congregation. This is a powerful visual representation of Jesus’ humility and the call for Christians to serve one another. In an Australian context, this often reflects the diversity of the local community, with participants chosen from various backgrounds and ages.
2. The Institution of the Eucharist: Special emphasis is placed on the bread and wine, commemorating the first Communion.
3. The Procession of the Blessed Sacrament: At the end of the service, the Eucharist is not placed back in the tabernacle but is carried in a solemn procession to an "Altar of Repose."
4. The Stripping of the Altar: Perhaps the most dramatic moment for many Australians is the conclusion of the service. All cloths, candles, and decorations are removed from the altar. The church is left bare and the tabernacle empty, symbolising the abandonment of Jesus by his disciples and his impending arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane.

Personal Reflection and Devotion

Traditions and Customs in Australia

While Australia does not have a "national" secular tradition for Maundy Thursday, several cultural practices have emerged over the decades:

The "Last Supper" Meals

The Chrism Mass

Preparation for the Long Weekend

Practical Information for Visitors and Expats

If you are visiting Australia or have recently moved here, there are several practical things to keep in mind regarding Maundy Thursday:

1. Business as Usual: During the day, Australia functions normally. Schools, banks, government offices, and businesses are all open. It is a standard working day.
2. Transport: Public transport operates on a normal weekday schedule. However, be aware that the "Easter exodus" usually begins on Thursday afternoon. If you are planning to drive out of a major city (like Sydney, Melbourne, or Brisbane), expect significant traffic delays on major highways as people head to the coast or the country for the long weekend.
3. Attending Services: Church services are generally open to the public. If you wish to attend a Maundy Thursday service, it is best to check the website of a local parish for times. Most services start between 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM. While you do not need to be a member of the faith to attend, it is expected that visitors remain respectful and quiet during the solemn rituals.
4. Dress Code: There is no strict dress code for church services in Australia, but "smart casual" or modest attire is generally preferred for such a serious occasion.
5. Alcohol and Dining: Unlike Good Friday, there are no special restrictions on the sale of alcohol or the opening of restaurants on Maundy Thursday. Pubs and bistros will be operating as usual, often quite busy as people celebrate the start of their holidays.

Is Maundy Thursday a Public Holiday in Australia?

One of the most common questions asked by newcomers is whether they get the day off.

No, Maundy Thursday is not a public holiday in Australia.

It is considered a normal working day in every state and territory (NSW, VIC, QLD, WA, SA, TAS, ACT, and NT).