New Year

Incwala: Umkhosi Wemnyaka Lomudze e-Eswatini

Incwala ngumkhosi lofaka emkhatsini kuhlambuluka kwesive, kubumbana kwetinkholelo temdzabu, nekucinisekiswa kwemandla eNgwenyama. Noma umhlaba wonkhe ugubha "New Year" ngemidanso neticishamlilo ngenyanga yaBhimbidvwane (January), e-Eswatini loku kuhambisana nemkhosi longcwele kakhulu esiveni semaSwati, lokuyi-Incwala. Lona akusuye nje umkhosi wekujabula, kodvwa litala lelicakatsekile lapho kuciniswa khona budlelwane emkhatsini weNkhosi, bokhokho, nemvelo. Incwala yatiwa ngekutsi "Mkhosi weBukhosi" ngobe itidzingo tayo tisekelwe ekubeni khona kweNgwenyama; ngaphandle kweNgwenyama, kute Incwala.

Loku lokwenta lolu lusuku lwe-New Year lube lolukhetsekile e-Eswatini kutsi alugubjwa ngetindlela tasentshonalanga kuphela. Ngalesikhatsi umhlaba ubala imizuzwana yekugcina ya-December, emaSwati asuke asemkhatsini weluhlelo loludze lwekuhlambuluka. Incwala imele kucala kwemnyaka lomdzabu lapho kukhanyiswa khona emandla emhlaba, kuvunwa titselo tekucala (first fruits), kantsi futsi kusuke kuhlambululwa sive kuto tonkhe timbi letenteke emnyakeni lophelile. Ngumkhosi logcwele imfihlo, inhlonipho, nemidanso lengcwele lengadzingi kutsi itshathwe ngetitfombe ngaphandle kwemvume lekhetsekile.

Ekhetfweni lwalomkhosi, kukhona lokutsiwa yi-Incwala Lencane ne-Incwala Lenkhulu. Incwala Lencane icala lapho inyanga isandza kutfwaswa (new moon), kantsi Incwala Lenkhulu yona yenteka lapho inyanga isihlangene (full moon). Loku kukhombisa kutsi emaSwati asondzelene kakhulu nemvelo kanye nemnyatfuko welitulu. Ngakoke, ngetikhatsi te-New Year e-Eswatini, umoya lofunyanwako nguloyo wekutitfoba, wekubonga, newekunamatfela emasikweni lakhona kusukela emandvulo.

Ngabe itawuba nini ngemnyaka wa-2026?

Ngumnyaka lotawuba nenchubekomo lenkhulu yemasiko. Lusuku lwe-New Year luhlelwe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

Lusuku: January 1, 2026 Lilanga leviki: Thursday Kusale emalanga langu: 0

Lusuku lwe-Incwala luyashintshashintsha njalo ngemnyaka ngobe lulandzela kuhamba kwenyanga netinkhanyeti. Nanoma kunjalo, lusuku lwa-January 1 luhlale luliholide lelisemtsetfweni (public holiday) e-Eswatini. Ngemnyaka wa-2026, lolu lusuku luhambisana ncamashi netinsuku letibalulekile temkhosi we-Incwala lapho emabutfo nemaswati lamanyenti asuke asemitini yaLobamba nase-Ezulwini agidza, ahlabela tingoma letikhetsekile letivunyelwe kuphela ngalesikhatsi semkhosi.

Umlando Nemvelaphi ye-Incwala

Umlando we-Incwala ujule kakhulu futsi ulandzelela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka lendlulile lapho emaSwati asandza kufika kuleli live lakitsi. Lona ngumkhosi lofike nemakhosi akaDlamini asuka e-Delagoa Bay (nyalo lase-Maputo). Inhloso yayo kwakuvele kuluhlanganisa sive, kucinisa emandla eNkhosi ekubusa, nekubonga kunkulunkulu (Mvelincanti) ngebantfwana, imvula, nekudla.

Emlandvweni wemaSwati, Incwala yatiwa ngekutsi yindzaba yebukhosi. Loku kusho kutsi akekho lomunye umuntfu longatigubhela Incwala yakhe; loku kubhekwa njengelicala lelikhulu lelibitwa ngekutsi "kumisa Incwala" (high treason). Umkhosi ucalwa "Bantfwenkhosi" kanye "neBemanti" (the people of the water). Laba ngulabo labatfunywa kutsi bayolanda emanti elwandle (Indian Ocean) kanye nasemifuleni lemikhulu efaka emkhatsini uLusutfu neNkomati. Lamanti asetjentiswa emicimbini leyimfihlo yekuhlambulula iNgwenyama nesive.

Kukhona futsi luhlangotsi lwase-Mozambique lapho kulandvwa khona emanti elwandle, lokukhombisa kutsi emaSwati akakhohlwa lapho aphuma khona. Lokuhamba kwemanti kukhombisa kutsi iNgwenyama ihlangene nendzawo yonkhe, kusukela etintsabeni kuze kuyofika elwandle. Ngako-ke, i-New Year e-Eswatini akusiyo nje ngenyanga ya-January, kodvwa kusebenta kwalo mkhosi lofaka emkhatsini wonkhe umlandvo wekudalwa kwesive.

Inshisekelo neKugujwa kwe-New Year e-Eswatini

Ngetikhatsi ta-January 1, e-Eswatini kuba nemikhosi lemihloshana lemibili leyehlukene kodvwa lehlanganyelako. Ngakulunye luhlangotsi, kukhona imikhosi yasemadolobheni njenge-Mbabane ne-Manzini lapho lentsha nemindeni batsandza kuhlangana khona etindzaweni tekudla (restaurants), emaphathini (parties), nasetindzaweni tekungcebeleka. Kodvwa-ke, inshisekelo lenkhulu yesive isetindzaweni temdzabu.

1. Emabutfo Nemagidvo: Emabutfo (warriors) asuka kuto tonkhe tinhlangotsi telive aya eLobamba. Bagidza imiddanso lebitwa ngekutsi yimiddanso ye-Incwala. Lamabutfo avunule ngetimphahla temdzabu: emahiya, tidziya, tinjobo, nemihlanga. Tingoma letihlatjelwako tinetincwadzi letijulile letikhuluma ngetimphi tasendvulo, kuncoba, nekubonga bukhosi. Loku kwenta kutsi i-New Year e-Eswatini ibe nemisindvo yetigubhu netinyawo letishaya phansi (kugidza) lokungafanani nanoma kuphi emhlabeni.

2. Lusekwane: Ngaphambi nje kwa-January 1, lentsha (majaha labangakashati) itfunywa kutsi iyogawula lusekwane. Lusekwane sihlahla lesingcwele lesitfolakala e-Ngonini. Labafana bahamba emakhilomitha lamanyenti ngetinyawo, bageze emifuleni, babuye balwetfwale lusekwane baluyise eLobamba. Loku kukhombisa kuciniseka, kutitfoba, nekwetsembeka kwelusha esiveni nakuNkhosi.

3. Umkhosi wetitselo tekucala: E-Eswatini, akekho lovunyelwe kudla titselo letisha (njengematselwa nemidumbula) emnyakeni lomusha ngaphambi kokuba iNgwenyama idle kucala (the tasting of the first fruits). Loku kwentiwa ngelusuku lolubalulekile lwe-Incwala. Ngemuva kwaloko, sive sesingatitfola titselo letisha. Loku kufundzisa sive mayelana nekulindza, inhlonipho, nekubonga imvelo ngaphambi kwekudla.

Masiko Netinkholelo Tetitfutfuko

Kune-masiko lamanyenti lacakatsekile langenteka ngesikhatsi se-New Year ne-Incwala:

Kushiswa kwelukhuni (The Burning of the Log): Kulunye lwemalanga ekugcina emkhosi, kukhona lukhuni lolukhulu lolushiswako esibayeni semaseko. Loku kufanekisela kushiswa kwako konkhe lokubi kwemnyaka lophelile. Umlotsa (ashes) netintfu letishiswako tikhombisa kutsi umnyaka lomusha ucala ungenatibi, ungenamicabango lemibi, futsi ungenatindzaba letimbi. Kukhishwa kweNkhosi (The King's Emergence): Ngelilanga le-Incwala Lenkhulu, iNgwenyama iphuma esigodlweni sayo (seclusion) seyivunule ngetimphahla letikhetsekile letinemoya lomdzabu. Loku kufanekisela kutfwaswa kwemnyaka lomusha nekuciniswa kwelive. Kudla Nemaganu: Ngetikhatsi te-New Year, kukhona futsi umkhosi wemaganu (marula festival) locala kancane ngenyanga ya-February kodvwa kuhluma kwawo kucala ngesikhatsi se-Incwala. Bomake baleta emaganu ebukhosini, lokukhombisa kubambisana kwesive.

Lwati Lolubalulekile Kubavakashi

Uma uvakashele e-Eswatini ngetikhatsi te-New Year nange-Incwala, kumele wati loku lokulandzelako:

1. Inhlonipho: Lona ngumkhosi longcwele kakhulu. Akusiyo indzawo yekudlala noma yekutijabulisa ngendlela lengahloniphi.
2. Kushutfa Titfombe: Akukavunyelwa kushutfa titfombe noma kudvweba (video) ngaphakathi esibayeni semaseko ngesikhatsi semicimbi lengcwele. Uma ufuna kushutfa, kumele ube nemvume levela e-Ministry of Information, Communications and Technology noma e-Swaziland National Trust Commission.
3. Kuvunula: Kubavakashi, kuyakhutsatwa kutsi bahloniphe ngekugcoka kahle. Uma ufuna kungena esibayeni, kungase kudzingeke kutsi uvunule ngetimphahla temdzabu (emahiya).
4. Isimo Selitulu: Ngenyanga ya-January e-Eswatini, kushisa kakhulu (75-85°F) kantsi futsi kuyana nemvula yetinkhanyamba. Kuhle kuphatsa timphahla letilula kodvwa ube nalo lijazi lemvula.

Ngabe Lilanga Lokuphumula (Public Holiday)?

Yebo, lusuku lwa-January 1 luliholide lelisemtsetfweni e-Eswatini.

Tikhungo taHulumende: Tonkhe tikhungo tahulumende, emahhovisi, netikolwa tivalwa ngalelilanga. Emabhange netitolo: Emabhange ayavalwa, kantsi titolo letinyenti emadolobheni lamakhulu njenge-Mbabane ne-Manzini tingase tivulwe kodvwa tivalwe masinyane (limited hours).

• Kuhamba kwetitfutsi: Emabhasi nematekisi ayasebenta kodvwa angase abe malutshana ngobe bantfu labanyenti basuke baye emikhosini yemdzabu noma bahleti nemindeni yabo.

Ngetikhatsi te-Incwala, kutalwa kwemnyaka lomusha e-Eswatini akukhulumi nje ngetinombolo tekhalenda (Gregorian calendar), kodvwa kukhuluma ngekuvuselelwa kwemfundvo yemdzabu, kuhlambuluka kwemoya, nekugcinwa kwebunye besive semaSwati ngaphansi kweNgwenyama. Lokhu kwenta i-New Year e-Eswatini ibe ngulomunye wemicimbi lekhanga kakhulu futsi lejule kakhulu kulo lonkhe lase-Afrika.

Noma ungaba sekasini (township), emadolobheni, noma emakhaya, umoya we-Incwala ungena kuto tonkhe tinhlitiyo temaSwati. Kuyisikhatsi lapho wonkhe umuntfu abuka emuva kulomnyaka lendlulile, abonge lokuhle, futsi acele emandla nebunye kulomnyaka lotako. E-Eswatini, i-New Year yisikhatsi sekutichenya ngebuntfu nangemasiko lawafundziswe bokhokho nabokhokho.

Ngako-ke, uma u-Eswatini ngalolusuku lwa-January 1, 2026, itilungiselele kuhlangana nemasiko laphila, kuciniseka kwetinkholelo, nemoya wekuhlanganyela lokungafanani nala uke wakubona khona. Kungumnyaka wekuhlambuluka, wekuvuna, nekubonga bukhosi lobuyinsika yesive.

Siphetfo: Umnyaka Lomusha Nemasiko

Emaveni lamanyenti, i-New Year ngenyanga ya-January 1 ihlobene kakhulu nekudla lokunonile, kuhlanganisa titfombe (fireworks), nemculo lomsindvo. Kodvwa-ke, e-Eswatini, nanoma loku kwenteka emadolobheni, umnyombo walolusuku use-Incwaleni. Loku kusho kutsi i-New Year yemaSwati ihambisana nekuthula (solemnity). Kunekuthula lokukhetsekile lokuba khona lapho iNgwenyama isekusitseleleni (seclusion), lapho sive sonkhe silindze kutfwaswa kwenyanga nekukhishwa kwemkhosi.

Loku kufundzisa bantfu labasha nabo bonkhe labavakashele kuleli live kutsi iminyaka ayishintshi nje ngemigubho, kodvwa ishintsha ngenhlonipho nangekubuyela etimphendvweni tetinkholelo letisigcinile njengesive. Ngemnyaka wa-2026, Eswatini itawuchubeka nekukhombisa umhlaba wonkhe kutsi kungenzeka kuhlalisana nekutfutfuka kwesimanje (modernity) kantsi usabambelele ngetandla totimbili emasikweni nemidzabu yakhona (tradition).

I-Incwala iyehluka kakhulu kune-Reed Dance (Umhlanga) leyenteka ngenyanga ya-September. Nanoma Umhlanga ukhanga ngetitfombe nangemidanso yetintfombi, i-Incwala yona inesitfunti sekuba ngumkhosi wemoya. Inshisekelo yayo ayikho ekubukweni ngumhlaba, kodvwa isekusebenteni kwayo kuhlanganisa iNgwenyama nesive. Ngako-ke, ngetikhatsi ta-New Year, Eswatini liba yindzawo lengcwele, indzawo yekubonga, nendzawo lapho umlandvo uhlangana khona nelikusasa.

Uma ufuna kucondza kahle kutsi kusho kutsini kuba liSwati, kumele uvakashele e-Eswatini ngalelisikhatsi. Utawuva emandla etibongo, utawubona bunye bemabutfo, futsi utawuva kutsi i-New Year e-Eswatini ayisuye nje umhlangano webantfu, kodvwa luhlelo lwekuvuselela imphilo yonkhe yesive. Lusuku lwa-January 1, 2026 lutawuba luluphawu lwaloluvuselelo, lukhombise kutsi emasiko ase-Eswatini asaphila, ayadvuma, futsi ayahlonishwa.