Easter Monday

Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika mu Rwanda: Umunsi w'Ibyishimo n'Ubusabane

Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika ni umunsi mukuru ukomeye mu Rwanda, ukaba uza ukurikira icyumweru cy’izuka rya Yezu Kristo. Mu muco n’imyemerere y’Abanyarwanda, uyu munsi ntabwo ari ikiruhuko gusa, ahubwo ni umwanya w’ingenzi wo gusangira ibyishimo by’izuka n’inshuti n’imiryango. Nyuma y’iminsi y’igisibo n’icyumweru cy’ububabare bw’Umucunguzi, uyu munsi uza ari ikimenyetso cy’ubuzima bushya n’icyizere cyasandaye mu mitima y’abemera. Mu Rwanda, igihugu kirangwa n’ubwiyunge n’ubunyarwanda, uyu munsi uhabwa agaciro kadasanzwe kuko uhuza abantu mu ngeri zinyuranye.

Iki kiruhuko gifite umwihariko mu Rwanda bitewe n’uko kiba mu gihe cy’imvura y’itumba, aho imisozi y’u Rwanda iba itoshye cyane, bikongera ubwiza bw’ibirori. Ni umunsi urangwa n’ituze, gusura abavandimwe, ndetse no kwitegura iminsi ikomeye ikurikira mu mateka y’igihugu. Mu gihe ku cyumweru cya Pasika abantu benshi baba bari mu nsengero n’izindi gahunda z’idini, Kuwa Mbere ho haba hari umwanya uhagije wo kuruhuka mu ntekerezo no mu mubiri, abantu bakishimira intsinzi y’ubuzima yatsinze urupfu.

Uyu munsi kandi ufatwa nk’umunsi w’urukundo n’ubusabane. Mu mirenge n’utugari hirya no hino mu gihugu, usanga abantu bishimiye gusangira ibyo bafite. Ni igihe cyo kwibuka ko nyuma y’umubabaro haza ibyishimo, kandi ko ubumwe bw’abantu ari bwo nkingi ikomeye y’iterambere n’amahoro. Mu Rwanda, amadini ya Gikristu arimo Gatolika n’Abaporotesitanti afite umubare munini w’abayoboke (hafi 45% by’abaturage), bityo ibirori bya Pasika bigira ingaruka nziza ku mibereho y’abaturage bose muri rusange.

Itariki ya Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika muri 2026

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2026, umunsi mukuru wa Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika uzizihizwa ku itariki ya April 6, 2026. Uyu munsi uzaba ari ku wa Monday. Kuva uyu munsi, hasigaye iminsi 93 ngo uyu munsi mukuru ugere.

Itariki ya Pasika ntabwo ihoraho buri mwaka (variable date). Igenwa hakurikijwe igihe ukwezi kwuzurira nyuma y’itangira ry’isubirayo ry’izuba ryo mu mpeshyi (vernal equinox). Ibi bituma Pasika ishobora kuba hagati y’itariki 22 Werurwe n’itariki 25 Mata. Bitewe n’uko Pasika igenda ihindagurika, na Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika uhinduka buri mwaka, ariko buri gihe uguma ari umunsi ukurikira Icyumweru cya Pasika. Muri 2026, uyu munsi uje kare mu kwezi kwa Mata, bikaba bisaba abantu kuwutegura neza kuko uba wegereye indi minsi y'amateka mu Rwanda.

Amateka n'Inkomoko y'uyu Munsi

Inkomoko ya Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika ishingiye ku myemerere ya Gikristu ivuga ku izuka rya Yezu Kristo. Bibiliya ivuga ko nyuma yo kubambwa ku wa gatanu (Kuwa Gatanu Mutagatifu) no kuzuka ku cyumweru, Yezu yakomeje kugaragarira abigishwa be abahumuriza kandi abereka ko ari muzima. Kuwa Mbere rero pfatwa nk'umunsi abigishwa batangiye gukwiza inkuru nziza y'uko Umuremyi wabo yazutse.

Mu Rwanda, amateka y'uyu munsi mukuru yageze mu gihugu binyuze mu bamisiyoneri bazanye ubukristu mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19 n'intangiriro z'icya 20. Kuva icyo gihe, Pasika yagiye ihinduka igice cy'umuco w'Abanyarwanda. Mu gihe cy'ubukoloni no mu myaka yakurikiyeho, uyu munsi wemejwe nk'ikiruhuko kiba mu ntekanye y'igihugu (official public holiday). Nubwo ari umunsi w'idini, mu Rwanda wizihizwa n'abantu bose, kuko iminsi mikuru nk'iyi ifatwa nk'umwanya w'akaruhuko n'ubusabane ku baturage bose, rirenga imbibi z'imyizerere.

Uyu munsi kandi ufite ibisobanuro byimbitse mu bijyanye n'ubuzima bushya. Mu muco nyarwanda, kwizihiza izuka bihura n'igitekerezo cy'uko nyuma y'ibihe bigoye, igihugu cyangwa umuntu ku giti cye ashobora kongera kubaho no gutunga. Ibi bituma Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika uba umunsi wo gufata ingamba nshya no gushimira Imana ku bwo kurindwa.

Uko Abanyarwanda Bizihiza uyu Munsi

Ibirori bya Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika mu Rwanda birangwa n’ituze ariko birimo ibyishimo byinshi. Dore bimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi biranga uyu munsi:

1. Gusenga no Gushimira

Nubwo ibirori nyamukuru byo mu nsengero biba ku Cyumweru, Kuwa Mbere na bwo hari amadini amwe n'amwe agira amamesa cyangwa serivisi z'amasengesho mu gitondo. Abakristu benshi bakoresha uyu mwanya kugira ngo bashimire Imana ko bashoje igisibo neza kandi ko bageze ku munsi w'intsinzi. Mu nsengero, usanga hari indirimbo z’ibyishimo n’amashyi menshi, bigaragaza ko abantu bafite akanyamuneza.

2. Gusangira mu Miryango

Iki ni cyo gice cy’ingenzi kuri uyu munsi. Imiryango myinshi mu Rwanda iraterana ikitegura amafunguro adasanzwe. Mu biribwa bikunze kugaragara harimo: Isombe: Ibi ni amababi y’imyumbati atogosheje neza, akenshi avanze n’ubunyobwa cyangwa inyama. Ni ifunguro rya gakondo riranga ibirori. Brochettes (Inyama zokeje): Mu mijyi nka Kigali, Musanze, na Huye, abantu bakunda kotsa inyama z’ihene cyangwa z’inka. Ibi bikunze guherekezwa n’ibirayi cyangwa ibitoki byokeje. Ugali n’Ibishyimbo: Ku miryango yo mu cyaro, iri ni ifunguro ry’ibanze ariko kuri uyu munsi ritegurwa mu buryo bwihariye, rimwe na rimwe bakongeramo inyama cyangwa amavuta y'inka kugira ngo rirushijeho kuryoha. Amagi ya Pasika: Nubwo umuco w'amagi ya Pasika (Easter Eggs) ari uwo mu bihugu by'iburengerazuba, mu mijyi yo mu Rwanda na byo byatangiye kugaragara, cyane cyane mu miryango ituye mu mijyi n'abafite abana bato.

3. Gusura Inshuti n'Abavandimwe

Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika ni umunsi wo "gutemberana". Abantu bava mu mijyi bakajya mu byaro gusura ababyeyi, cyangwa abantu bagasurana mu nshuti zisanzwe. Muri uku gusurana, habaho guhana impano, akenshi ziba ari ibiribwa, ibinyobwa, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo. Ni igihe cyo kuganira ku mishinga y’ejo hazaza no gukomeza ubumwe.

4. Kuruhukira mu Busitani n'Ahantu Nyaburanga

Kubera ko u Rwanda ari igihugu cy'imisozi igihumbi kandi gifite amahumbezi, abantu monetari bakoresha uyu munsi bajya gutembera mu busitani bw’imijyi (parks), ku nkombe z’ikiyaga cya Kivu mu Burengerazuba, cyangwa mu tundi duce nyaburanga nka Twin Lakes mu Ruhengeri. Abasore n'inkumi bakunda guhura bakaganira, mu gihe abakuze bo bahitamo ahantu hatuje bashobora kuruhukira.

Imigenzo n'Imyitwarire Irimo Umwihariko

Mu Rwanda, Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika ufite umwihariko ugereranyije n'ibindi bihugu. Kubera ko itariki ya 7 Mata ari Umunsi wo Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika iyo uje wegereye iyi tariki (nk'uko bimeze muri uyu mwaka wa 2026 aho itariki ya 6 Mata ari yo Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika), imyitwarire y'abantu irahinduka.

Mu gihe mu bindi bihugu ibirori bishobora kuba urusaku rwinshi n'ibirori bikaze, mu Rwanda biba mu buryo bw'ituze n'icyubahiro. Abantu bishimira Pasika ariko bakazirikana ko bukeye bwaho igihugu cyinjira mu bihe byo kwibuka. Ibi bituma uyu munsi uba umwanya wo gusenga cyane, kwitekerezaho, no gushimangira ubumwe n'ubwiyunge. Ni umunsi ugaragaza gukura mu ntekerezo kw'Abanyarwanda, aho bazi guhuza ibyishimo by'idini n'inshingano zabo nk'abanyagihugu bazirikana amateka.

Undi mugenzo ugaragara ni uwo gufasha abatishoboye. Amatsinda y'urubyiruko mu nsengero cyangwa imiryango itegamiye kuri leta bakunze gukoresha uyu munsi basura imfubyi, abapfakazi, cyangwa abarwayi mu bitaro, bakabashyira amafunguro n'imyambaro, kugira ngo nabo bumve ibyishimo bya Pasika.

Amakuru y'Ingenzi ku Bashyitsi (Visitors)

Niba uri umushyitsi mu Rwanda muri iki gihe cya Pasika muri 2026, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe ukwiye kumenya:

1. Imyambarire: Niba uteganya kujya mu nsengero, ni byiza kwambara mu buryo bwiyubashye (modest dress). Abagore bakunze kwambara "Imishanana" cyangwa amakanzu maremare, naho abagabo bakambara amashati n'amakositimu cyangwa imyambaro isanzwe ariko isukuye.
2. Ingendo: Imihanda ishobora kuba irimo imodoka nyinshi cyane ku Cyumweru no Kuwa Mbere kuko abantu baba bataha mu byaro cyangwa bagaruka mu mijyi. Ni byiza guteganya urugendo hakiri kare.
3. Gufata Amafunguro: Resitora nyinshi mu mijyi nka Kigali zirafungura, ariko zimwe zishobora kugira staffing nkeya. Ni igihe cyiza cyo kugerageza ifunguro rya gakondo ry'u Rwanda.
4. Umuco w'Ubwiyunge: Uzirikane ko nyuma ya Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika, ari itariki 7 Mata. Iki ni igihe cy'icyunamo mu Rwanda. Ni byiza kwirinda urusaku rwinshi cyangwa ibirori birenze urugero mu masaha ya nijoro yo ku wa mbere, mu rwego rwo kubaha amateka y'igihugu.
5. Ikirere: Mata ni ukwezi kw'imvura mu Rwanda. Witwaze umutaka cyangwa ikoti ry'imvura kuko imvura ishobora kugwa mu buryo butunguranye, nubwo biba bishyushye (hagati ya 20-25°C).

Ese ni Ikiruhuko mu Rwanda? (Public Holiday Status)

Yego, Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika ni ikiruhuko cyemewe n'amategeko mu Rwanda (Official Public Holiday). Ibi bivuze ko:

Ibigo bya Leta: Ibiro byose bya leta birafungwa. Abakozi ba leta baba bahawe akaruhuko kugira ngo bizihize uyu munsi n'imiryango yabo. Amashuri: Amashuri yose, kuva ku nshuke kugeza kuri kaminuza, ntabwo akora. Akenshi abanyeshuri baba bari mu biruhuko bito bya Pasika cyangwa barahawe akaruhuko k'iminsi mike. Amabanki n'Ubucuruzi: Amabanki menshi n'ibigo by'ubucuruzi binini birafungwa. Ariko, amaduka mato (boutiques), amasoko, na supermarkets zimwe na zimwe zishobora gufungura mu masaha ya nyuma ya saa sita kugira ngo zifashe abantu kubona ibikoresho by'ibanze. Serivisi z'Ubuzima: Ibitaro n'amavuriro bikomeza gukora ariko ku rwego rw'uburyo bw'ingoboka (emergency services).

• Ingendo: Modoka zitwara abantu mu buryo bwa rusange (buses and taxis) zirakora, ariko zishobora kuba nkeya cyangwa zikagira gahunda zitandukanye n'iz'iminsi isanzwe.

Muri make, Kuwa Mbere wa Pasika muri 2026 ni umunsi w'ituze, gusenga, no gusangira ku Banyarwanda. Ni igihe cyo kwishimira ubuzima, gukomeza ubumwe, no kwitegura mu ntekerezo iminsi ikurikira. Waba uri Umunyarwanda cyangwa umushyitsi, uyu munsi uguha amahirwe yo kubona umuco w'u Rwanda mu mfuruka yawo y'urukundo, ubusabane, n'icyizere cy'ejo hazaza.

Uyu munsi uje ari nk'ikiraro gihuza ibyishimo by'idini n'inshingano z'igihugu, bituma uba umunsi w'umwihariko mu mutima wa buri wese utuye mu Rwanda. Hasigaye iminsi 93 gusa ngo tugere kuri uwo munsi udasanzwe wa April 6, 2026, itegure kuwizihiza mu mutima ukeye n'ibyishimo bishya.